diff --git a/offline-backend-20260512/backend/app/gateway/app.py b/offline-backend-20260512/backend/app/gateway/app.py
index 49ac2bc9..a993f732 100644
--- a/offline-backend-20260512/backend/app/gateway/app.py
+++ b/offline-backend-20260512/backend/app/gateway/app.py
@@ -503,6 +503,24 @@ async def lifespan(app: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
         except Exception:
             logger.exception("Skill ownership migration failed (non-fatal)")
 
+        # 一次性把 .deer-flow/agents/{id}/ 目录里历史遗留的 agent 导入 agents 表。
+        # 路由层原本每次请求都跑一遍这个 sync(扫文件系统 + N 个 agent 各一次 DB
+        # SELECT/UPDATE),把它挪到启动期 + 路由层只保留 TTL 兜底,显著降低
+        # /api/agents 列表延迟。
+        try:
+            from app.gateway.routers.agents import (
+                _mark_legacy_sync_fresh,
+                _sync_legacy_agents,
+            )
+
+            agent_store = getattr(app.state, "agent_store", None)
+            if agent_store is not None:
+                await _sync_legacy_agents(agent_store)
+                _mark_legacy_sync_fresh()
+                logger.info("Legacy folder-backed agents synced at startup")
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("Legacy agent sync failed at startup (non-fatal)")
+
         # 启动 skill curator 调度器:常驻后台任务,每小时检查一次需不需要进化
         # (per-user interval_hours 仍是真正决定要不要跑进化的闸)。
         try:
diff --git a/offline-backend-20260512/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/agents_config.py b/offline-backend-20260512/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/agents_config.py
index 63358dd7..3fddcd22 100644
--- a/offline-backend-20260512/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/agents_config.py
+++ b/offline-backend-20260512/backend/packages/harness/deerflow/config/agents_config.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 """Configuration and loaders for custom agents."""
 
 import logging
+import os
 import re
+import threading
 from typing import Any
 
 import yaml
@@ -13,6 +15,25 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 SOUL_FILENAME = "SOUL.md"
 AGENT_ID_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9_-]+$")
+
+# Per-file mtime caches. These are read on every /api/agents list/detail request
+# (one read per agent) — caching keyed by (path, mtime_ns, size) is correct
+# because any edit to the file updates mtime, and an external tool re-writing
+# the same bytes doesn't actually change the result we'd return. Cache size is
+# unbounded but lookup is O(1) and entries are tiny (one parsed dict / string
+# per agent file); for the order of N≤10⁴ agents the memory cost is negligible.
+_config_cache: dict[str, tuple[tuple[int, int], "AgentConfig | None"]] = {}
+_soul_cache: dict[str, tuple[tuple[int, int], str | None]] = {}
+_cache_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def _file_stat_key(path) -> tuple[int, int] | None:
+    """Return (mtime_ns, size) for cache invalidation, or None when missing."""
+    try:
+        st = os.stat(path)
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+    return (st.st_mtime_ns, st.st_size)
 # Backward-compatible alias. Historically this validated the display name;
 # after the DB-backed agent table, display names can be Chinese and duplicated.
 # The pattern now applies only to storage/runtime ids.
@@ -94,6 +115,18 @@ def load_agent_config(agent_id: str | None) -> AgentConfig | None:
         )
         return None
 
+    # mtime-based cache. The config file is rewritten every time the agent is
+    # edited via PUT /api/agents/{id}, which bumps mtime — so the next read
+    # picks up the change automatically. Missing config_file = key None below,
+    # bypassing the cache (cheap path: just return AgentConfig with id/name).
+    cache_path_key = str(config_file)
+    stat_key = _file_stat_key(config_file) if config_file.exists() else None
+    if stat_key is not None:
+        with _cache_lock:
+            cached = _config_cache.get(cache_path_key)
+        if cached is not None and cached[0] == stat_key:
+            return cached[1]
+
     data: dict[str, Any] = {}
     if config_file.exists():
         try:
@@ -112,7 +145,11 @@ def load_agent_config(agent_id: str | None) -> AgentConfig | None:
     known_fields = set(AgentConfig.model_fields.keys())
     data = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k in known_fields}
 
-    return AgentConfig(**data)
+    result = AgentConfig(**data)
+    if stat_key is not None:
+        with _cache_lock:
+            _config_cache[cache_path_key] = (stat_key, result)
+    return result
 
 
 def load_agent_soul(agent_id: str | None) -> str | None:
@@ -131,8 +168,21 @@ def load_agent_soul(agent_id: str | None) -> str | None:
     soul_path = agent_dir / SOUL_FILENAME
     if not soul_path.exists():
         return None
+    # mtime-based cache, same rationale as load_agent_config: SOUL.md is
+    # rewritten on edit (PUT /api/agents/{id}), which bumps mtime.
+    cache_path_key = str(soul_path)
+    stat_key = _file_stat_key(soul_path)
+    if stat_key is not None:
+        with _cache_lock:
+            cached = _soul_cache.get(cache_path_key)
+        if cached is not None and cached[0] == stat_key:
+            return cached[1]
     content = soul_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
-    return content or None
+    result = content or None
+    if stat_key is not None:
+        with _cache_lock:
+            _soul_cache[cache_path_key] = (stat_key, result)
+    return result
 
 
 def list_custom_agents() -> list[AgentConfig]: